No. Symlinks and hardlinks are two approaches to creating a “pointer to a file.” They are quite different in implementation, but at the high level:

• Symlinks can point to other filesystems, hardlinks only work on the same filesystem.
• You can delete the target of a symlink (or even create one that points at nothing), but a hardlink always points to a real file.

In both cases, the only additional data used is the metadata used for the link itself. The contents of the file on disk are not copied.