As others have said, not with Linux Mint.

However if you were running an atomic distro such as Aurora, Bazzite, Project Bluefin, or Fedora Silverblue you can “rebase” from one to another.

With an atomic distro all the system files are immutable, you can read them but only the OS can change them. As there’s a clear distinction from user files (anything in /var or /home) the OS can simply replace all the system components with a new distro and re-mount your files.